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Precalculus
Polynomial and Rational Functions

1
Quadratic Functions and Their Graphs

Problem 1

Let \(f(x)=-2(x-1)^2+3\)

  1. Use transformations to graph \(f\).

  2. What is the vertex of the associated parabola?

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Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 2

Let \(f(x)=3x^2+12x+8\)

  1. Use the technique of completing the square to write \(f(x)=3x^2+12x+8\) in the form \(f(x)=a(x-h)^2+k\).

  2. What is the vertex of the associated parabola? Does \(f\) reach a maximum or a minimum value at the vertex?

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 3

Find the vertex and axis of symmetry of the graph of the quadratic function \(f(x)=2x^2-8x+1\)

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
Breylor cc
Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 4

Find the \(x\)-intercepts of the parabola associated with the function \(f(x)=3x^2-5x-2\). Also, find the real zeros of \(f\).

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 5

Let \(f(x)=-3x^2-6x+2\)

  1. Fins the maximum value of \(f\).

  2. Find the axis os symmetry of the parabola.

  3. Find the \(x\)-intercepts, if they exist.

  4. Find two additional points on the graph, and then sketch the graph of \(f\) by hand.

  5. Use the graph to find intervals where \(f\) is increasing or decreasing and find the range.

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 6

Find a possible expression for a quadratic function \(f(x)\) with zeros at \(x=-3\) and \(x=1\).

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
Breylor cc
Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 7

Traffic authorities have \(100\) feet of rope to cordon off a rectangular region to form a ticket arena specifically for concert goers who are waiting to purchase tickets.

  1. Express the area of this region as a function of the length of just one of the four sides of the region.

  2. Find the dimensions of the enclosed region that will give the maximum area, and determine the maximum area.

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
Shelby cc
Shelby
Nathan cc
Nathan
Breylor cc
Breylor
Problem 8

The following table lists the speed at which a car is driven, in miles per hour, and the corresponding gas mileage obtained, in miles per gallon.

  1. Make a scatter plot of \(m\), the gas mileage, vs. \(x\), the speed at which a car is driven. What type of trend do you observe - linear or quadratic? Find an expression for the function that best fits the given data points.

  2. Use your function to find the gas mileage obtained when a car is driven at \(35\) miles per hour.

  3. Find the speed at which the car’s gas mileage is at its maximum, using a graphing utility.

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
Shelby cc
Shelby
Breylor cc
Breylor
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Julieta

2
Polynomial Functions and Their Graphs

Problem 1

Which of the following are polynomial functions? For the ones that are, find the degree and the coefficients, and identify the leading coefficient.

  1. \(g(x)=3+5x\)

  2. \(h(s)=2s\left(s^2-1\right)\)

  3. \(f(x)=\sqrt{x^2+1}\)

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
Shelby cc
Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 2

Graph the following functions using transformations.

  1. \(g(x)=(x-1)^4\)

  2. \(g(x)=-x^3+1\)

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 3

Determine the end behavior of the following functions by examining the leading term.

  1. \(f(x)=x^3+3x^2+x\)

  2. \(g(t)=-2t^4+8t^2\)

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
Shelby cc
Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 4

Find the real zeros of \(f(x)=2x^3-18x\) and the corresponding \(x\)-intercepts of the graph of \(f\).

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
Shelby cc
Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 5

Determine the end behavior of \(f(x)=x^3-x\). Find the \(x\) and \(y\)-intercepts of its graph. Use this information to sketch the graph of \(f\) by hand.

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 6

Determine the multiplicities of the real zeros of the following functions. Does the graph cross the \(x\)-axis or just touch it at the \(x\)-intercept?

  1. \(f(x)=(x-6)^3(x+2)^2\)

  2. \(h(t)=t^3+2t^2+t\)

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Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 7

Check whether \(f(x)=x^4+x^2+x\) is odd, even, or neither.

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 8

Sketch a complete graph of \(f(x)=-2x^4+8x^2\)

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
Breylor cc
Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 9

Find a polynomial \(f(x)\) of degree \(4\) that has zeros at \(-1\) and \(3\), each with multiplicity \(1\), and a zero at \(-2\) of multiplicity \(2\).

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Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 10

Gift Horse, Inc., manufactures various type of decorative gift boxes. The bottom portion of one such box is made by cutting a small square of length \(x\) inches from each corner of a \(10\)-inch piece of cardboard and folding up the sides of the box. See Figure 16.

  1. Find an expression for the volume of the resulting box.

  2. Graph the volume function. Use your graph to determine the values of \(x\) for which the expression makes realistic sense.

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta

3
Division of Polynomials; the Remainder and Factor Theorems

Problem 1

Divide to determine whether \(x-1\) is a factor of \(x^2-3x+2\).

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 2

Find the quotient and remainder when \(2x^4+7x^3+4x^2-7x-6\) is divided by \(2x+3\).

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 3

Find the quotient and remainder when \(p(x)=6x^3+x-1\) is divided by \(d(x)=x+2\). Write your answer in the form \(\dfrac{p(x)}{d(x)}=q(x)+\dfrac{r(x)}{d(x)}\)

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Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
Nathan cc
Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 4

Use synthetic division to divide \(6x^3+x-1\) by \(x+2\).

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Shelby cc
Shelby
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Nathan
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Octabio
Problem 5

let \(p(x)=-2x^4+6x^3+3x-1\). Use synthetic division to evaluate \(p(2)\).

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 6

Determine whether \(x+3\) is a factor of \(2x^3+3x-2\).

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
Nathan cc
Nathan
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Julieta

4
Real Zeros of Polynomials; Solutions of Equations

Problem 1

Show that \(x=4\) is a zero of \(p(x)=3x^3-4x^2-48x+64\). Use this fact to completely factor \(p(x)\).

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Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
Nathan cc
Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 2

Fill in Table 1, where \(p\), \(h\), and \(g\) are some polynomial functions.

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Shelby cc
Shelby
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Nathan
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Octabio
Problem 3

Find all real zeros of \(p(x)=3x^3-6x^2+2\).

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
Nathan cc
Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 4

Use a graphing utility to find all the real zeros of \(p(x)=3x^3-6x^2-x+2\).

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Shelby cc
Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 5

Solve the equation \(3x^4-8x^3-9x^2+22x=-8\)

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 6

Use Descartes’ Rule of Signs to determine the number of positive and negative zeros of \(p(x)=-3x^4+4x^2-3x+2\).

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta

5
Complex Numbers

Problem 1

Write the following as pure imaginary numbers.

  1. \(\sqrt{-36}\)

  2. \(\sqrt{-8}\)

  3. \(\sqrt{-\dfrac{1}{4}}\)

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Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 2

Write the following numbers in the form \(a+bi\), and identify \(a\) and \(b\).

  1. \(\sqrt{2}\)

  2. \(\dfrac{1}{3}i\)

  3. \(1+\sqrt{3}\)

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Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 3

What are the real and imaginary parts of the following complex numbers?

  1. \(-2+3i\)

  2. \(-i+4\)

  3. \(-\sqrt{3}\)

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Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 4

Perform the following operations.

  1. \((1+2i)+(3-5i)\)

  2. \(\left(\sqrt{2}+i\right)+\left(-\sqrt{2}-i\right)\)

  3. \(i+(-1)\)

  4. \((1+i)-(2-i)\)

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Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 5

Multiply

  1. \((1+3i)(2-4i)\)

  2. \(\sqrt{-4}\sqrt{-9}\)

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 6

Find the complex conjugates of the following numbers.

  1. \(1+2i\)

  2. \(-3i\)

  3. \(2\)

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 7

Multiply \(-3+2i\) by its conjugate. What type of number results from the operation?

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 8

Find \(\dfrac{2}{-3+2i}\)

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 9

Use the definition of \(i\) to solve the equation \(x^2=-4\).

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 10

Compute the zeros of the quadratic function f(x)=3x2+x+1. Use the zeros to find the x-intercepts, if any, of the graph of the function. Verify your results by graphing the function.

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Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 11

Find all solutions to the quadratic equation \(2t^2-2t=-\dfrac{3}{2}\). Relate the solutions of this equation to the zeros of an appropriate quadratic function.

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta

6
The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra; Complex Zeros

Problem 1

Let \(h(x)=x^3+2x^2+x\)

  1. What is the value of the multiplicity, \(k\), of the zero at \(x=-1\)?

  2. Write \(h(x)\) in the form \(h(x)=(x+1)^kQ(x)\). What is \(Q(x)\)?

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Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 2

Use the fact that \(x=-2\) is a zero of \(f\) to factor \(f(x)=x^3+2x^2+7x+14\) into linear and irreducible quadratic factors.

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 3

Factor \(f(x)=2x^5+12x^3+18x\) ever the complex numbers.

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
Breylor cc
Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 4

Find a polynomial \(p(x)\) of degree \(4\) with \(p(0)=-9\) and zeros \(x=-3\), \(x=1\), and \(x=3\), with \(x=3\) a zero of multiplicity \(2\). For this polynomial, is it possible for the zeros other than \(3\) to have a multiplicity greater than \(1\)?

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Nathan
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Julieta

7
Rational Functions

Problem 1

Let \(f(x)=\dfrac{1}{x-1}\)

  1. What is the domain of \(f\)?

  2. Make a table of values of \(x\) that are near \(1\) as well as larger values of \(x\).

  3. Graph \(f\) by hand.

  4. Comment on the behavior of the graph.

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
Nathan cc
Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 2

Write all vertical asymptotes of the following functions.

  1. \(f(x)=\dfrac{2x}{x+1}\)

  2. \(f(x)=\dfrac{x+2}{x^2-1}\)

  3. \(f(x)=\dfrac{x^2-3}{2x+1}\)

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Shelby
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Nathan
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Octabio
Problem 3

Find the horizontal asymptote, if it exists, for each of the following rational functions. Use a table and a graph to discuss the end behavior of each function.

  1. \(f(x)=\dfrac{x+2}{x^2-1}\)

  2. \(f(x)=\dfrac{2x}{x+1}\)

  3. \(f(x)=\dfrac{x^2-3}{2x+1}\)

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 4

Sketch the graph of \(f(x)=\dfrac{2x}{x+1}\)

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 5

Sketch the graph of \(f(x)=\dfrac{x+2}{x^2-1}\)

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
Breylor cc
Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 6

Find the slant asymptote of the graph of \(r(x)=\dfrac{6x^2-x-1}{2x+1}\) and sketch the complete graph of \(r(x)\).

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Shelby cc
Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 7

Sketch the complete graph of \(r(x)=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-3x+2}\)

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 8

Suppose it costs \(\$45\) a day to rent a car with unlimited mileage.

  1. What is the expression for the average cost per mile per day?

  2. Make a table and graph of the average cost function.

  3. What happens to the average cost per day as the number of miles driven per day increases?

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Saba cc
Saba
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta

8
Quadratic, Polynomial, and Rational Inequalities

Problem 1

Solve the inequality \(2x^2-3x-2>0\)

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Shelby
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Breylor
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Octabio
Problem 2

Solve the inequality \(x^3-2x^2-3x\leq 0\)

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Mr. Hampton cc
Mr. Hampton
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Shelby
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Breylor
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Julieta
Problem 3

A box with a square base and height that is \(3\) inches less than than the length of one side of the base is to be built. What lengths of the base will produce a volume greater than or equal to \(16\) cubic inches?

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Shelby
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Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 4

Solve the inequality \(\dfrac{x^2-9}{x+5}>0\)

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Shelby cc
Shelby
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Nathan
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Julieta
Problem 5

Solve the inequality \(\dfrac{2x+5}{x-2}\geq x\)

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Shelby cc
Shelby
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Nathan
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Octabio